CHAPTER 11 EMERGENCE |
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Reorganizations [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
CHAPTER 11 EMERGENCE | CHAPTER 11 EMERGENCE
As described in Note 1, on November 13, 2020, the Debtors filed the Chapter 11 Cases and the Plan, which was subsequently amended, and entered the confirmation order on April 28, 2021. The Debtors then emerged from bankruptcy upon effectiveness of the Plan on May 17, 2021. Capitalized terms used but not defined herein shall have the meaning ascribed to them in the Plan.
Plan of Reorganization
In accordance with the Plan confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, the following significant transactions occurred upon the Company's emergence from bankruptcy on May 17, 2021:
•Shares of the Predecessor's common stock outstanding immediately prior to the Emergence Date were cancelled, and on the Emergence Date, the Company issued 19,845,780 shares of New Common Stock and 55,000 shares of New Preferred Stock, which were the result of the transactions described below. The Company also entered into a registration rights agreement and amended its articles of incorporation and bylaws for the authorization of the New Common Stock and New Preferred Stock among other corporate governance actions. See Note 7 for further discussion of the Company's post-emergence equity;
•All outstanding obligations under the Predecessor Senior Notes were cancelled;
•The Predecessor effectuated certain restructuring transactions, including entering into a plan of Merger with Gulfport Merger Sub, Inc., a newly formed, wholly owned subsidiary of Gulfport ("Merger Sub"), pursuant to which Merger Sub was merged with and into Predecessor, resulting in the Predecessor becoming a wholly owned subsidiary of Gulfport;
•The Debtors entered into a Second Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the "Exit Credit Agreement") with the Bank of Nova Scotia as administrative agent, various lender parties and acknowledged and agreed to by certain of Gulfport's subsidiaries, as guarantors, providing for (i) a new money senior secured reserve-based revolving credit facility in an aggregate maximum principal amount of up to $1.5 billion (the "Exit Facility"); (ii) a senior secured term loan in an aggregate maximum principal amount of up to $180 million (the "First-Out Term Loan") and together with the Exit Facility (the "Exit Credit Facility"), collectively with an initial borrowing base and elected commitment amount of up to $580 million (less the amount of any term loan deemed funded by any RBL Lender that is not a Consenting RBL Lender);
•The Company entered into an indenture to issue up to $550 million aggregate principal amount of its 8.000% senior notes due 2026, dated as of May 17, 2021, by and among the Issuer, UMB Bank, National Association, as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto (such indenture, the “1145 Indenture,” and such senior notes issued thereunder, the “1145 Notes”), under section 1145 of the Bankruptcy Code (“Section 1145”). Certain eligible holders have made an election (the “4(a)(2) Election”) entitling such holders to receive senior notes issued pursuant to an indenture, dated as of May 17, 2021, by and among the Issuer, UMB Bank, National Association, as trustee, and the guarantors party thereto (such indenture, the “4(a)(2) Indenture,” and such senior notes issued thereunder, the “4(a)(2) Notes”), under Section 4(a)(2) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended as opposed to its share of the up to $550 million aggregate principal amount of 1145 Notes. The 4(a)(2) Indenture's terms are substantially similar to the terms of the 1145 Indenture. The 1145 Indenture and the 4(a)(2) Indenture are referred to together as the "Indentures". The 1145 Notes and the 4(a)(2) Notes are collectively referred to as the "Successor Senior Notes";
•The DIP Credit Facility indefeasibly converted into the Exit Facility, and all commitments under the DIP Credit Facility terminated. Each holder of an Allowed DIP Claim received, in full and final satisfaction, settlement, release, and discharge of, and in exchange for, each Allowed DIP Claim its Pro Rata share of participation in the Exit Credit Facility;
•Each holder of an Allowed Notes Claim received its pro rata share of 19,714,204 shares of New Common Stock, 54,967 shares of New Preferred Stock and New Unsecured Senior Notes;
•1,678,755 shares of New Common Stock were issued to the Disputed Claims reserve;
•Each holder of a Class 4A Claim greater than the Convenience Claim Threshold received its pro rata share of 119,679 shares of New Common Stock (which were issued to the Unsecured Claims Distribution Trust), $10 million in cash, subject to adjustment by the Unsecured Claims Distribution Trustee, and 100% of the Mammoth Shares;
•Each holder of a Class 4B claim greater than the Convenience Claim Threshold received its pro rata share of 11,897 shares of New Common Stock, 33 shares of New Preferred Stock, the Rights Offering Subscription Rights and the Successor Senior Notes;
•Each holder of a Convenience Class Claim will share in a $3 million cash distribution pool, which the Unsecured Claims Distribution Trustee may increase by an additional $2 million by reducing the Gulfport Parent Cash Pool;
•Each intercompany claim was cancelled on the Emergence Date and holders of intercompany interests received no recovery or distribution;
•The Company conducted a Rights Offering and issued 50,000 shares of New Preferred Stock at $1,000 per share to holders of claims against the Predecessor Subsidiaries, raising $50 million in proceeds. Additionally, 5,000 shares were issued to the Back Stop Commitment counterparties in lieu of cash consideration as per the Backstop Commitment Agreement; and
•The Company adopted the Gulfport Energy Corporation 2021 Stock Incentive Plan (the "Incentive Plan") effective on the Emergence Date and reserved 2,828,123 shares of New Common Stock for issuance to Gulfport's employees and non-employee directors pursuant to equity incentive awards to be granted under the Incentive Plan.
Additionally, pursuant to the Plan confirmed by the Bankruptcy Court, the Company's post-emergence Board of Directors is comprised of five directors, including the Company's Chief Executive Officer, Timothy Cutt, and four non-employee directors, David Wolf, Guillermo Martinez, Jason Martinez and David Reganato.
Executory Contracts
Subject to certain exceptions, under the Bankruptcy Code the Debtors were entitled to assume, assign or reject certain executory contracts and unexpired leases subject to the approval of the Bankruptcy Court and fulfillment of certain other conditions. Generally, the rejection of an executory contract was treated as a pre-petition breach of such contract and, subject to certain exceptions, relieved the Debtors from performing future obligations under such contract but entitled the counterparty to a pre-petition general unsecured claim for damages caused by such deemed breach. Alternatively, the assumption of an executory contract or unexpired lease required the Debtors to cure existing monetary defaults under such executory contract or unexpired lease, if any, and provide adequate assurance of future performance. Accordingly, any description of an executory contract or unexpired lease with the Debtors in this document, including where applicable quantification of the Company’s obligations under such executory or unexpired lease of the Debtors, is qualified by any overriding rejection rights the Company has under the Bankruptcy Code. Further, nothing herein is or shall be deemed an admission with respect to any claim amounts or calculations arising from the rejection of any executory contract or unexpired lease and the Debtors expressly preserve all of their rights thereto. Refer to Note 19 for more information on potential future rejection damages related to general unsecured claims.
FRESH START ACCOUNTINGIn connection with the Company's emergence from bankruptcy and in accordance with ASC 852, the Company qualified for and applied fresh start accounting on the Emergence Date. The Company qualified for fresh start accounting because (1) the holders of existing voting shares of the Company prior to the Emergence Date received less than 50% of the voting shares of the Successor's equity following its emergence from bankruptcy and (2) the reorganization value of the Company's assets immediately prior to confirmation of the Plan of approximately $2.3 billion was less than the post-petition liabilities and allowed claims of $3.1 billion.
In accordance with ASC 852, with the application of fresh start accounting, the Company allocated its reorganization value to its individual assets based on their estimated fair value in conformity with FASB ASC Topic 820 - Fair Value Measurements and FASB ASC Topic 805 - Business Combinations. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements after May 17, 2021 are not comparable with the consolidated financial statements as of or prior to that date. The Emergence Date fair values of the Successor's assets and liabilities differ materially from their recorded values as reflected on the historical balance sheet of the Predecessor.
Reorganization Value
Reorganization value is derived from an estimate of enterprise value, or fair value of the Company's interest-bearing debt and stockholders' equity. Under ASC 852, reorganization value generally approximates fair value of the entity before considering liabilities and is intended to approximate the amount a willing buyer would pay for the assets immediately after the effects of a restructuring. As set forth in the disclosure statement, amended for updated pricing, and approved by the Bankruptcy Court, the enterprise value of the Successor was estimated to be between $1.3 billion and $1.9 billion. With the assistance of third-party valuation advisors, the Company determined the enterprise value and corresponding implied equity value of the Successor using various valuation approaches and methods, including: (i) income approach using a calculation of present value of future cash flows based on our financial projections, (ii) the market approach using selling prices of similar assets and (iii) the cost approach. Deferred income taxes were determined in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 740 - Income Taxes. For GAAP purposes, the Company valued the Successor's individual assets, liabilities and equity instruments and determined an estimate of the enterprise value within the estimated range. Management concluded that the best estimate of enterprise value was $1.6 billion. Specific valuation approaches and key assumptions used to arrive at reorganization value, and the value of discrete assets and liabilities resulting from the application of fresh start accounting, are described below in greater detail within the valuation process.
The enterprise value and corresponding implied equity value are dependent upon achieving the future financial results set forth in our valuation using an asset-based methodology of estimated proved reserves, undeveloped properties, and other financial information, considerations and projections, applying a combination of the income, cost and market approaches as of the fresh start reporting date of May 17, 2021. As estimates, assumptions, valuations and financial projections, including the fair value adjustments, the financial projections, the enterprise value and equity value projections, are inherently subject to significant uncertainties, the resolution of contingencies is beyond our control. Accordingly, there is no assurance that the estimates, assumptions, valuations or financial projections will be realized, and actual results could vary materially.
The following table reconciles the enterprise value to the implied fair value of the Successor's equity as of the Emergence Date (in thousands):
(1) Restricted cash is not included in the above table.
(2) Inclusive of $55 million of mezzanine equity.
The following table reconciles the enterprise value to the reorganization value as of the Emergence Date (in thousands):
(1) Restricted cash is not included in the above table.
The fair values of our oil and natural gas properties, other property and equipment, derivative instruments, equity investments and asset retirement obligations were estimated as of the Emergence Date.
Oil and natural gas properties. The Company's principal assets are its oil and natural gas properties, which are accounted for under the full cost method of accounting. The Company determined the fair value of its oil and natural gas properties based on the discounted future net cash flows expected to be generated from these assets. Discounted cash flow models by operating area were prepared using the estimated future revenues and operating costs for all developed wells and undeveloped properties comprising the proved and unproved reserves. Significant inputs associated with the calculation of discounted future net cash flows include estimates of (i) recoverable reserves, (ii) production rates, (iii) future operating and development costs, (iv) future
commodity prices escalated by an inflationary rate after seven years, adjusted for differentials and (v) a market-based weighted average cost of capital by operating area. The Company utilized NYMEX strip pricing, adjusted for differentials, to value the reserves. The NYMEX strip pricing inputs used are classified as Level 1 fair value assumptions and all other inputs are classified as Level 3 fair value assumptions. The discount rates utilized were derived using a weighted average cost of capital computation, which included an estimated cost of debt and equity for market participants with similar geographies and asset development type by operating area.
Other property and equipment. The fair value of other property and equipment, such as land, buildings, vehicles, computer equipment and other equipment, was maintained at net book value as the carrying value reasonably approximated the fair value of the assets.
Asset retirement obligations. In accordance with FASB ASC Topic 410 - Asset Retirement and Environmental Obligations ("ASC 410"), the asset retirement obligations associated with the Company's oil and gas assets was valued using the income approach. The fair value of the Company’s asset retirement obligations was revalued based upon estimated current reclamation costs for our assets with reclamation obligations, updated estimates of timing of reclamation obligations, an appropriate long-term inflation adjustment, and the Company's revised credit adjusted risk-free rate. The credit adjusted risk-free rate was based on an evaluation of an interest rate that equates to a risk-free interest rate adjusted for the effect of the Company's credit standing.
Derivative Instruments. The fair value of derivative instruments was adjusted based on the change in the Company’s credit rating reflecting the Company’s credit standing at the Emergence Date.
Equity Investments. The fair value of the Company's investment in Grizzly was reduced by $27 million. The reduction in valuation was based upon the assessment of the investment by the Company's new management and its priority for future funding in its portfolio. In particular, Grizzly’s operations remained suspended, even with improvements in the pricing environment since its initial suspension in 2015. Additionally, the Company does not anticipate funding future capital calls which will lead to further dilution of its equity ownership interest.
Consolidated Balance Sheet
The following consolidated balance sheet is as of May 17, 2021. This consolidated balance sheet includes adjustments that reflect the consummation of the transactions contemplated by the Plan (reflected in the column “Reorganization Adjustments”) as well as fair value adjustments as a result of the adoption of fresh start accounting (reflected in the column “Fresh Start Adjustments”) as of the Emergence Date. The explanatory notes following the table below provide further details on the adjustments, including the assumptions and methods used to determine fair value for its assets and liabilities.
Reorganization Adjustments (in thousands)
(a)The table below reflects changes in cash and cash equivalents on the Emergence Date from implementation of the Plan:
(b)Changes in restricted cash reflect the net effect of transfers from cash and cash equivalents for the Professional Fee Escrow and various claims class cash pools.
(c)Changes in prepaid expenses and other current assets include the following:
(d)Changes in other assets were due to capitalization of debt issuance costs related to the Exit Credit Facility.
(e)Changes in accounts payable and accrued liabilities included the following:
(f)Changes to current operating lease liabilities reflect the reinstatement of lease liabilities due to contract assumptions.
(g)Changes in the current maturities of long-term debt include the following:
(h)Reflects the reclassification of asset retirement obligations from liabilities subject to compromise.
(i)Changes to non-current operating lease liabilities reflect the reinstatement of lease liabilities due to contract assumptions.
(j)Changes in long-term debt include the following:
(k)On the Emergence Date, liabilities subject to compromise were settled in accordance with the Plan as follows:
The resulting gain on liabilities subject to compromise was determined as follows:
(l)Changes to New Preferred Stock reflect the fair value of preferred shares issued in the Rights Offering.
(m)Changes in Predecessor common stock reflect the extinguishment of Predecessor equity as per the Plan.
(n)Changes in New Common Stock included the following:
(o)Changes to paid in capital included the following:
(p)New Common Stock held in reserve to settle Allowed General Unsecured Claims include:
(q)Change to retained earnings (accumulated deficit) included the following:
Fresh Start Adjustments
(r)The change in fair value of short-term derivative instruments is due to the change in the Company's post-emergence credit rating.
(s)The change in oil and natural gas properties represents the fair value adjustment to the Company's properties due to the adoption of fresh start accounting.
(t)Predecessor accumulated depreciation and amortization for other property and equipment was net against the gross value of the assets with the adoption of fresh start accounting.
(u)Predecessor accumulated depreciation and amortization was eliminated with the adoption of fresh start accounting.
(v)The change in equity investments is due to the fair value adjustment to the Company's Grizzly investment.
(w)The change in fair value of long-term derivative instruments is due to the change in the Company's post-emergence credit rating.
(x)The change in fair value of liabilities related to short-term derivative instruments is due to the change in the Company's post-emergence credit rating.
(y)The change in fair value of liabilities related to long-term derivative instruments is due to the change in the Company's post-emergence credit rating.
(z)The fair value of asset retirement obligations was reduced due to the change in the Company's credit adjusted risk-free rate and expected economic life estimates.
(aa)Changes to retained earnings represent the total impact of fresh start adjustments to the post-reorganization balance sheet.
Reorganization Items, Net
The Company has incurred significant expenses, gains and losses associated with the reorganization, primarily the gain on settlement of liabilities subject to compromise, provision for allowed claims and legal and professional fees incurred subsequent to the Chapter 11 filings for the restructuring process. The accrual for allowed claims primarily represents damages from contract rejections and settlements attributable to the midstream savings requirement as stipulated in the Plan. While the claims reconciliation process is ongoing, the estimate of liabilities related to the rejection of certain midstream contracts reflects the best estimate of the most probable outcomes of ongoing litigation and settlement negotiations. The amount of these items, which were incurred in reorganization items, net within the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated statements of operations, have significantly affected the Company's statements of operations.
The following table summarizes the components in reorganization items, net included in the Company's unaudited consolidated statements of operations (in thousands):
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